Stack Implementation : Using Swing For GUI Java Program Source Code

Stack is a simple abstract data type or data structure . It is based on LIFO property means Last in first out .
It uses two operations on elements in the stack . Push for adding  the elements in to the stack . Pop for removing the elements from the stack . As you understand the lst element added was the first one to show the door or exit while popping from the stack .

The most important thing is to consider stack as the linear data structure as the operations push or pop are implemented at one end  of the structure  known as the top of the stack .

There are two states a stack can be in :

Overflow State :  If all the elements of the stack are filled and then we try to push  another element in to the
                             top of the stack , then the stack is said to be in the overflow state .

Underflow State : If there is no element in the stack , that is the stack is empty and we try to pop element
                               from it , then the stack is in underflow state .

Often stack is termed as restricted data structure as the small number of operations can be performed on it .

The real world example of the stack is the CD case . How you retrieve cd from the cd case . If you think carefully then you can understand the stack functionality.  In java programs , the local variables and local methods all are stored in stacks .

For example as we know that all the java applications start from the main method . Suppose then after any subsequent call to  the other methods from the main function  has been done . First we call A method , then in A we call B , in B we call C .  So first B waits for the completion of C method , when C completes then remaining of B method starts executing , and then A and in last the main method completes .

Stack  was first proposed by Alan M Turing in 1946.

So in pictorial representation it looks like this :

                   -----------------------------
                  |                C()                     |
                   -----------------------------
                  |                 B()                    |
                   -----------------------------
                  |                 A()                    |
                   -----------------------------
                  |                main()                 |
                   -----------------------------

Here in the below example :
The size is set for the stack by using setSize. Then put the values or elements you want to add to the stack.
If you want to pop elements from the stack then click on the pop button .

Pseudo Code :

1.  Set the maximum size of the stack 

2.  Select an operation : push or pop 

       if push 

              add element to the stack that is at top 

       if pop 

              remove element from the stack 

The famous application of the stack is the tower of honoi problem and besides that it found its usage in the expression evaluation and syntax parsing , rearranging rail road cars , backtracking ,quick sort , the stack span problem and runtime memory management .

Demo here :

Source code is given below :

public class Stack {
    protected Object[] stk; // Stack
    protected int SS;   // Stack Size
    protected int SC;   // Stack Counter
    
    public Stack(int initialCapacity)
    {
        if(initialCapacity < 1)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException ("initialCapacity must be >= 1");
        
        stk = new Object[initialCapacity];
        SS = initialCapacity;
        SC = 0;
    }
    
    public Stack()
    {
        stk = null;
        SS = SC = 0;
    }
    
    public void create(int initialCapacity)
    {
        if(initialCapacity < 1)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException ("initialCapacity must be >= 1");
        
        stk = new Object[initialCapacity];
        SS = initialCapacity;
        SC = 0;
    }
    
    public boolean isfull()
    {
        return( SC==SS );
    }
    
    public boolean isempty()
    {
        return( SC==0 );
    }
    
    public Object[] update(){
        
        return stk;
    }
    
    public boolean push(Object element)
    {
        if( SC==SS )
        return false;
        
        stk[SC] = element;
        SC++;
        
        return true;
    }
    
    public Object pop()
    {
        if( SC==0 )
        return false;
        
        SC--;
        return stk[SC];
    }
    
    public String toString()
    {
        int i;
        StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer("[");
        
        for( i = 0; i < SC; i++)
        s.append(stk[i].toString() + ", ");
        
        for( ; i < SS; i++)
        s.append("__, ");
        
        if(SS > 0)
        s.delete(s.length() -2, s.length());
        
        s.append("]");
        return new String(s);
    }
    
    public String getStatus()
    {
        StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer("");
        s.append("SC: "+SC);
        return new String(s);
    }
}



Runner.java



import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

/*
* To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/

/**
*
* @author Dell
*/
public class Runner extends javax.swing.JFrame {
    Stack a ;
    DefaultTableModel model;
    int size=0;
    //  a.getStatus();
    //   a.pop();
    //   a.push((Character) 'L');
    //   a.toString();
    /**
    * Creates new form Runner
    */
    public Runner() {
        initComponents();
        
    }
    
    /**
    * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
    * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
    * regenerated by the Form Editor.
    */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">//GEN-BEGIN:initComponents
    private void initComponents() {
        
        jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTable1 = new javax.swing.JTable();
        jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jTextField1 = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jTextField2 = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton3 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jLabel2 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        
        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        
        jTable1.setModel(new javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel(
        new Object [][] {
            
        },
        new String [] {
            "Stack"
        }
        ));
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTable1);
        
        jButton1.setText("setSize");
        jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton1ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        
        jButton2.setText("Push");
        jButton2.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        
        jButton3.setText("Pop");
        jButton3.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton3ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
        
        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
        layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 178, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addComponent(jLabel1)
        .addContainerGap(330, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, false)
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addComponent(jLabel2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 147, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addComponent(jButton3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 67, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
        .addComponent(jTextField1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 51, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addComponent(jTextField2))
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
        .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
        .addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))))
        .addGap(16, 16, 16))))
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
        layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
        .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGap(8, 8, 8)
        .addComponent(jLabel1)
        .addGap(4, 4, 4)
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
        .addComponent(jButton1)
        .addComponent(jTextField1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
        .addComponent(jTextField2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addComponent(jButton2))
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
        .addComponent(jButton3)
        .addComponent(jLabel2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 23, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
        .addGap(0, 189, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 0, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        .addContainerGap())
        );
        
        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>//GEN-END:initComponents
    
    private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_jButton1ActionPerformed
        int p=0;
        try {
            
            p = Integer.parseInt(jTextField1.getText());
            if(p!=0 && p<100){
                size=p;
                a = new Stack(p);
                model = new DefaultTableModel();
                model.addColumn("Stack                    Size: " +p);
                for(int i=0;i<=p;i++){
                    model.addRow(new Object[]{ ""});
                }
                
                jTable1.setModel(model);
            }
            } catch (NumberFormatException numberFormatException) {
            jLabel1.setText("Please enter a valid Size");
        }
        
        
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }//GEN-LAST:event_jButton1ActionPerformed
    
    private void jButton3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_jButton3ActionPerformed
        a.pop();
        //a.getStatus();
        jLabel2.setText("popped :  "+a.stk[a.SC].toString());
        refresh();
        
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }//GEN-LAST:event_jButton3ActionPerformed
    
    private void refresh(){
        Object[] q = a.update();
        
        for(int i =0;i<=size;i++){
            jTable1.setValueAt(" ", i, 0);
            
        }
        
        for(int i =0;i<=a.SC-1;i++){
            jTable1.setValueAt(q[i].toString(), i, 0);
            
        }
    }
    
    private void jButton2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_jButton2ActionPerformed
        a.push(jTextField2.getText());
        jTextField2.setText("");
        refresh();
        jLabel2.setText("");
        
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }//GEN-LAST:event_jButton2ActionPerformed
    
    /**
    * @param args the command line arguments
    */
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */
        //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) ">;
        /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel.
        * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html
        */
        try {
            for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
                if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
                    javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
                    break;
                }
            }
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Runner.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Runner.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Runner.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Runner.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        //</editor-fold>
        
        /* Create and display the form */
        java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                new Runner().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
    // Variables declaration - do not modify//GEN-BEGIN:variables
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton1;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton2;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton3;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel2;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1;
    private javax.swing.JTable jTable1;
    private javax.swing.JTextField jTextField1;
    private javax.swing.JTextField jTextField2;
    // End of variables declaration//GEN-END:variables
}